🎓 Michael 雅思
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⚖️ 判断题 T/F/NG 与介词范畴

判断题(TRUE / FALSE / NOT GIVEN)专项:介词定位法

一、三大失分原因(本课诊断板书)

  1. 获取语气不精准(没听清/没读准原文的让步、程度词)
  2. 介词干扰了你(介词短语没看出修饰谁,范畴就跑偏)
  3. 题目问的东西跟你想的不一样(自己脑补了题目)

二、判断题正确流程(样本比对法)

  • 阅读 = 短时间获取信息 → 习得作者观点 → 做比对(把题目当样本,原文当参照物:一不一样?)
  • 板书三步:

1. 把题目变成简短的中文(例:Q6 "Significant numbers of thylacines were killed by humans from the 1830s onwards." → 简记:人从 1830 年起杀了很多袋狼) 2. 回原文找对应句(关键词:数字、年份、名字、动词) 3. 比对判定: - 原句 = 题目 → TRUE - 原句 ≠ 题目(明确相反/数量不对)→ FALSE - 原文没提 / 只有可能没证实 → NOT GIVEN

三、语气敏感词表("获取语气不精准"的解药)

  • attributed to(归因于)—— 谁干的要看清("to the decline… 谁干的?other factors")
  • dramatic(急剧的)、only / just(只)、despite(尽管)、not until…(直到…才)
  • while(尽管/然而,让步语气)
  • introduced(被引入的物种)
  • 完成时(have/has done)语气 = "一直有…持续一段时间到…"
  • 例:Q9 "In the early 1900s, many scientists became worried…" 原文是 little public pressure + 科学家们几乎不担心(nor was much concern expressed) → FALSE(只有 T.T. Flynn 一个例外,是 notable exception,不是 many)

四、介词决定"讨论的范畴"(本课标题点题)

一句话里先圈出介词短语,再看它修饰谁 —— 修饰关系对了,题目范畴就不会跑偏:

介词语气/用途(板书)
over在一段时间内有一个可以变化的事searches for the thylacine over the years;we discussed this matter over the meeting
throughout连续性/贯穿性some breeding took place throughout the year
duringB 动作发生在 A 动作的时间窗里面hunted during the day(白天躲在 hills 里)
from…onwards从…起一直killed by humans from the 1830s onwards
of名词 + of → 后置定语(落点是前面的名词)loss of habitat;the efforts of their predecessors

句例(板书圈画):

  • "The dramatic decline of the thylacine in Tasmania… is generally attributed to the relentless efforts of sheep farmers and bounty hunters" → 介词短语链:decline of(谁在减)/ decline in(在哪减)/ attributed to(归因于谁)—— 三个介词讲清"什么事、在哪、怪谁"。

五、精读实战:The thylacine(袋狼/塔斯马尼亚虎)

摘要填空 1–5(课堂核对)

答案
1carnivorous(原文 exclusively carnivorous —— 全肉食)
2scent(长距离追猎主要靠嗅觉,比其他感官都多)
3pouch(育儿袋:新生幼崽爬进 pouch 挂住乳头)
4fossil(大陆最后证据 = 3100 年前的化石)
5habitat(栖息地丧失 + 食物来源减少 → Tasmania 数量下降)

判断题 6–13(课堂部分核对)

  • Q8 "John Gould's prediction about the thylacine surprised some biologists." → NG(Gould 预言了灭绝,原文没提生物学家惊讶与否)
  • Q9 "In the early 1900s, many scientists became worried about the possible extinction." → FALSE(little public pressure;科学家几乎没人担心)
  • Q12 "From 1930 to 1936, the only known living thylacines were all in captivity." → TRUE(最后一只野生袋狼 1930 年被杀,leaving just captive specimens)
  • Q13 "Attempts to find living thylacines are now rarely made." → FALSE(还有科学家又开始找了;一直有 numerous expeditions and searches)
  • 其余题以课堂订正为准;做题时把每题简写成中文再比对(见二)。

本段精读词汇

  • appearance & behaviour:marsupial(有袋类)、superficial resemblance(表面相似)、stripes(条纹)、carnivorous(食肉)、distend(扩张)、lair(巢穴)、nocturnal(夜行的)、bask(晒太阳)
  • decline & extinction:bounty hunter(赏金猎人)、relentless(无情的)、distemper-like disease(类犬瘟)、captivity(圈养)、foresee one's demise(预见灭绝)、extermination(灭绝)、exceptions(例外)